Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition characterized by challenges in social communication, social interaction, and the presence of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. The term "spectrum" emphasizes that there is a wide range of abilities and challenges among individuals with autism. In 2013, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) introduced three levels of autism to help describe the level of support required for each person with ASD. These levels are:
 

1. Level 1 (Mild) - "Requiring support": Individuals at this level can typically communicate verbally but may struggle with social interactions and understanding social cues. They may have difficulty initiating and maintaining friendships, which can lead to feelings of isolation. People at this level can benefit from social skills training, structured routines, and support in managing anxiety and sensory sensitivities.

2. Level 2 (Moderate) - "Requiring substantial support": Individuals at this level have more significant challenges in social communication and may have limited verbal skills or rely on simplified language. They often exhibit repetitive behaviors and may have difficulty coping with change. These individuals may require more intensive support, including specialized educational programs, speech and language therapy, and occupational therapy.

3. Level 3 (Severe) - "Requiring very substantial support": Individuals at this level have severe challenges in social communication and may be non-verbal or have minimal verbal communication. They often engage in repetitive behaviors and have restricted interests, which can interfere with daily functioning. People at this level usually require comprehensive support, including highly structured environments, one-on-one assistance, and various therapies to address communication, social, and behavioral challenges.
   
    

It's essential to remember that these levels are only a general guideline to help professionals determine the type of support needed. Each person with autism is unique, and their abilities and challenges can vary significantly. Early intervention and personalized support are critical to help individuals with autism reach their full potential. It's important to work with a team of professionals, including pediatricians, psychologists, speech therapists, occupational therapists, and educators, to develop an individualized plan tailored to your child's needs and strengths.

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